from:http://wenku.baidu.com/view/f3dcb003bed5b9f3f90f1ccc.html
from: http://blog.sciencenet.cn/home.phpod=space&uid=94143&do=blog&id=493191
（协同智能计算系统）软件≥程序+ 界面
（协同智能计算系统）程序≥算法+ 数据结构
（协同智能计算系统）界面≥知识本体+ 对象
from：
中国知 ：邹晓辉-协同智能计算系统——理论模型及其应用[J]. 软件. 2011年06期
阅读全文，由此进入：
《软件》杂志 2011年 第6期 http://www.ccomsoft.com/kanlist.aspds=154 专家论坛
| 协同智能计算系统——理论模型及其应用 | 邹晓辉 |
http://user.qzone.qq.com/949309225/infocenter
Software Engineering (SE) is a profession dedicated to designing, implementing, and modifying software so that it is of high quality, affordable, maintainable, and fast to build. It is a “systematic approach to the analysis, design, assessment, implementation, test, maintenance and reengineering of software, that is, the application of engineering to software.”[1] The term software engineering first appeared in the 1968 NATO Software Engineering Conference, and was meant to provoke thought regarding the perceived “software crisis” at the time.[2][3] The IEEE Computer Society’s Software Engineering Body of Knowledge defines “software engineering” as the application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to the development, operation, and maintenance of software, and the study of these approaches; that is, the application of engineering to software.[4] It is the application of Engineering to software because it integrates significant mathematics, computer science and practices whose origins are in Engineering.[5]
Software development, a much used and more generic term, does not necessarily subsume the engineering paradigm. Although it is questionable what impact it has had on actual software development over the last more than 40 years,[6][7] the field’s future looks bright according to Money Magazine and Salary.com, which rated “software engineer” as the best job in the United States in 2006.[8]
from:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_engineering
附录：
http://bbs.kaoyan.com/forum.phpod=viewthread&tid=3513642
http://www.cs.washington.edu/homes/notkin/bok_assessment.pdf
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_Engineering_Body_of_Knowledge
http://news.jingpinke.com/detailsuid=b3e3ed82-11ec-1000-8968-c021a028ac28
附件：
学科门类 一级学科数量
哲学 1
经济学 2
法学 6
教育学 3
文学 3
历史学 3
管理学 5
军事学 10
艺术学 4
理学 14
工学 38
农学 9
医学 11
合计 109
国务院学位委员会（二0一一年二月）新修订学科目录正式公布
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