oracle 18c dg搭建手册(rman duplicate方式)

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2. 在Redhat 7.x安装Oracle 18c RAC全 最详细手册
3. oracle 18c单实例安装文档

环境说明

主备库的数据库安装

主库安装数据库软件和创建数据库

备库只需要安装数据库软件和创建相关目录即可

操作系统环境配置

如果没有特殊说明，下面每一步都需要在主备库上执行。

配置host

cat /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost192.168.1.166 lei-p192.168.1.167 lei-s

添加用户和组

/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54321 oinstall/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54322 dba/usr/sbin/groupadd -g 54323 oper/usr/sbin/useradd -u 54321 -g oinstall -G dba ,oper oracle

设置密码

passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New password:BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 charactersRetype new password:passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

关闭防火墙和selinux

防火墙：

systemctl stop firewalld.servicesystemctl disable firewalld.servicerm '/etc/systemd/system/basic.target.wants/firewalld.service'rm '/etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.Fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service'

SELINUX：

cat /etc/selinux/config# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,# mls - Multi Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targeted

创建目录

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/chmod -R 775 /u01/

配置用户环境变量·

ORACLE用户

在
/home/oracle/.bash_profile中添加以下内容

ORACLE_SID=leidb;export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/18.3.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMEPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/bin:${PATH}:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORA_CRS_HOME/binPATH=${PATH}:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/local/binexport PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/libLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/oracm/libLD_LIBRARY_PATH=${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRECLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/jlibCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibCLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlibexport CLASSPATHexport TEMP=/tmpexport TMPDIR=/tmpumask 022

修改资源限制

修改/etc/security/limits.conf

cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf <<EOForacle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768oracle soft memlock 3145728oracle hard memlock 3145728EOF

修改内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.shmall = 1073741824kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104kernel.panic_on_oops = 1net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048576net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

生效

sysctl -p

安装必要的包

在Redhat 7.*镜像文件中没有了compat-libstdc++-33包，需要单独下载。

yum install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel ksh libgcc.i686 libstdc++-devel libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libXext libXext.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libXau libXau.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel zlib-devel zlib-devel.i686 compat-libcap1 -y

安装数据库软件

由于从12.2开始，Oracle将采用ZIP格式直接将Oracle_HOME下的内容直接压缩到一个ZIP格式文件中，所以直接解压到ORACLE_HOME下即可。例如：

[oracle@lei-p software]$ unzip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1/ LINUX.X64_180000_db_home.zip[oracle@lei-p software]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1/[oracle@lei-p db_1]$ ./runInstaller

如果是单实例则选择第一个

选择企业版

修改为新的ORACLE_BASE目录

默认

安装前检查，内存不符合要求。18c建议的内存为8G

正在安装

执行root.sh脚本

DBCA创建数据库

仅在主库执行即可。

启用归档并设置归档目录

主库启动FORCE LOGGING

在CDB root中执行以下命令

SQL> alter database force logging;Database altered.SQL> select force_logging from v$database;FORCE_LOGGING--------------------------------------------------------------------------------YES

主库启动归档模式

SQL> shutdown immediateSQL> startup mountSQL> alter database archivelog;Database altered.

修改归档目录（建议修改），备库为：/u01/archive_s

SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archivelog' scope=both;--直接生效System altered.SQL> archive log listDatabase log mode Archive ModeAutomatic archival EnabledArchive destination /u01/archivelogOldest online log sequence 2Next log sequence to archive 4Current log sequence 4SQL> alter database open;Database altered.

在主库添加 standby redo log

在CDB root中添加standby redo log，实际上在主库上是用不到standby redo log的。但是为了方便以后的switchover等操作就直接添加了，而且后面搭建备库时备库也会被创建。

SQL> show con_nameCON_NAME------------------------------CDB$ROOTSQL> select group#, members, bytes from v$log;GROUP# MEMBERS BYTES---------- ---------- ----------1 1 209715200 --可以看到默认大小以及是200M了，一起是50M。2 1 2097152003 1 209715200SQL>SQL> select member from v$logfile;MEMBER-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo01.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo02.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo03.log

–要比online redo log多一组

alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo01.log' size 200M;alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo02.log' size 200M;alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo03.log' size 200M;alter database add standby logfile '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo04.log' size 200M;SQL> select member from v$logfile;MEMBER--------------------------------------------------------------------------------/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo03.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo02.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/redo01.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo01.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo02.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo03.log/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB/stdredo04.log7 rows selected

在主库创建pfile 文件并修改pfile 内容

SQL> create pfile='/tmp/initleidb.ora' from spfile;File created.在pfile中添加如下内容：[oracle@host1 dbs]$ vi /u01/app/oracle/product/18.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/initcndba.ora*.db_unique_name='leidb_p'*.log_archive_config='dg_config=(leidb_p,leidb_s)'*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/u01/archivelog valid_for=(all_logfiles,all_roles) db_unique_name=leidb_p'*.log_archive_dest_2='service=leidb_s affirm sync valid_for=(online_logfiles,primary_role) db_unique_name=leidb_s'*.log_archive_dest_state_1=enable*.log_archive_dest_state_2=enable*.standby_file_management='auto'*.fal_server='leidb_s'*.log_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata_s/LEIDB','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB' --如果你的环境主备库数据文件目录相同，可以不需要这两个参数。*.db_file_name_convert='/u01/app/oracle/oradata_s/LEIDB','/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LEIDB'

注意：db_file_name_convert和log_file_name_convert指定的目录先后顺序，前面一个是目标库的数据文件(日志)存放目录，后面一个是源库(本地库)的数据文件(日志)存放目录。

用新参数重启数据库：

SQL> shutdown immediateSQL> create spfile from pfile='/tmp/initleidb.ora';SQL> startup

主备库配置静态监听并启动

这里最好通过netmgr来配置，因为监听文件对格式要求比较高。

[oracle@lei-p admin]$ cat listener.ora# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.SID_LIST_LISTENER =(SID_LIST =(SID_DESC =(GLOBAL_DBNAME = leidb)(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/18.3.0/db_1)(SID_NAME = leidb)))LISTENER =(DESCRIPTION_LIST =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = lei-p)(PORT = 1521)))(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))))ADR_BASE_LISTENER = /u01/app/oracle

重启监听或直接reload

[oracle@host1 admin]$ lsnrctl reloadLSNRCTL for Linux: Version 18.0.0.0.0 - Production on 17-JUL-2018 11:41:07Copyright (c) 
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