高三高考词汇名词派生词

（一）派生名词（357）

后缀-er（53个）

listener [?l?s?n?(r)]听众；听者

sharpener[ ‘?ɑ:p?n?] 磨具；削具,卷笔刀

teacher [‘ti:t??] 教师

driver [draiv?]驾驶员；司机

farmer [‘fɑ:m?] 农夫，农民

manager [‘m?nid??] 经理

cleaner [‘kli:n?] 清洁工

engineer [,end?i’ni?] 工程师

singer [‘sind??] 歌唱家，歌手

worker [‘w?:k?] 工人；劳动者

computer [k?m’pju?t?] 计算机；电脑

sweater [‘swet?] 毛线衣，厚运动衫

player [‘ple??] 运动员;选手

ruler [‘ru?l?] 直尺

writer [‘ra?t?]作家

composer [k?m’p??z?] 作曲家

stranger[‘stre?nd??(r)] 陌生人

presenter [pr??zent?(r)] 主持人

thinker [?θ??k?] 思想家

school-leaver [sku:l ‘li:v?] 毕业生

officer [??f?s?] 军官；官员；警察

rubber [?r?b?]橡皮

winner [?w?n?]获胜者

speaker[?spi:k?] 说某种语言的人

teenager [?ti?ne?d??] 十几岁的青少年

miner [?ma?n?] 矿工

invader [?n?ve?d?] 侵略者

programmer [?pr??ɡr?m?] 程序员poster [?p??st?] 海 ；招贴

striker [?stra?k?] 敲击者；前锋

laughter [?lɑ?ft?] 笑；笑声

designer [d??za?n?]设计师

passer-by [?pɑ?s? ?ba?]过路人；行人

hunter [?h?nt?] 狩猎者；猎人

fertilizer [?f??t?la?z?] 肥料；化肥

producer [pr??dju?s?]生产者；制片人

performer [p??f??m?]表演者；演出者

settler [?setl?]移民；殖民者

painter [?pe?nt?]画家；油漆匠

receiver [r??si?v?]接受者；接收器photographer [f??t?ɡr?f?] 摄影师

typewriter [?ta?pra?t?] 打字机

counter [?ka?nt?] 柜台；计数器

pensioner [?pen??n?]领取养老金者

interpreter [?n?t??pr?t?]作口译的人

shopkeeper [???pki?p?] 店主

adventurer [?d?vent??r?] 冒险家

carrier [?k?ri?]搬运工；运输工具

believer [b??li?v?] 信徒；教徒

scraper [?skre?p?] 刮刀；刮削器

diver [?da?v?] 潜水员

后缀-or（19个）

actor [‘?kt?] 男演员

monitor [‘m?n?t?]班长; 监督员

director [d?’rekt?(r)] 导演；主管；经理

elevator[?el?ve?t?] 电梯；升降机

survor [s??va?v?]幸存者；生还者；残存物

sailor [?se?l?]水手；海员；船员

competitor [k?m?pet?t?] 竞争者

calculator [?k?lkjule?t?]计算器

operator [??p?re?t?]操作员；接线员

narrator [n??re?t?]讲述者，叙述者

governor [?ɡ?v?n?] 州长；总督

tractor [?tr?kt?] 拖拉机；牵引机

conductor [k?n?d?kt?] 售票员；列车员；（乐队）指挥

sitor [‘v?z?t?] 游客; 观光者

translator [tr?nz?le?t?] 译员；翻译

sculptor [?sk?lpt?] 雕刻家；雕塑家

scholar [?sk?l?] 学者

后缀-ess（6个）

princess[?pr?n?ses] 公主

goddess [?ɡ?des] 女神

hostess [?h??st?s] 女主人；女主持人

stewardess [?stju???des] 女乘务员

duchess [?d?t??s] 公爵夫人；女公爵

actress [‘?ktris] 女演员

后缀-al（7个）

trial[?tra??l] 审判；审讯；试验

arrival [??ra?vl] 到来；到达；到达者

disposal [d??sp??zl] 清除；处理

surval [s??va?vl] 幸存；幸存者

approval [??pru?vl] 赞成；认可

refusal [r??fju?zl] 拒绝

withdrawal [w?e?dr???l] 收回；撤退；戒毒（或脱瘾）过程

后缀-ance/ence（33个）

insurance [?n????r?ns] 保险

guidance [?ɡa?dns]指导；领导

defence [d??fens] 防御；保卫

entrance [?entr?ns]入口

appearance[??p??r?ns]外观；外貌；出现

importance [?m?p??tns]重要性

disappearance [?d?s??p??r?ns] 消失

performance [p??f??m?ns] 表演

distance [?d?st?ns] 距离；远方演；演奏

appliance [??pla??ns]用具；工具；器具

assistance [??s?st?ns] 协助；援助

acquaintance [??kwe?nt?ns] 相识；熟人

significance [s?ɡ?n?f?k?ns] 意义；重要性；重要意义

annoyance [??n???ns] 烦恼

difference [‘dif?r?ns] 差异；差别

silence [‘sa?l?ns] 寂静；无声

edence [?ev?d?ns] 根据；证据

intelligence[?n?tel?d??ns] 智力；智能

independence [??nd??pend?ns]独立；自主

patience [?pe??ns] 耐性；忍耐

presence [?prezns] 出席；到场；存在

confidence [?k?nf?d?ns] 信心；信念

convenience [k?n??ni?ns] 便利；方便

coincidence [k????ns?d?ns]巧合；（口味、故事等）相合

preference [?prefr?ns] 喜爱；偏爱

olence [?va??l?ns] 暴力；暴行

consequence [?k?ns?kw?ns]结果；后果；影响

adolescence [??d??lesns] 青春期

existence [?ɡ?z?st?ns] 生存；存在

absence [??bs?ns] 缺席；不在某处

competence [?k?mp?t?ns] 能力；胜利；本领

audience [???di?ns] 观众；听众；读者

后缀-ist （19个）

artist [?ɑ:t?st] 艺术家；画家

tourist [‘t??rist] 游客

scientist [‘sai?ntist] 科学家

cyclist [?sa?kl?st]骑自行车的人

biologist [ba???l?d??st] 生物学家

geologist [d?i??l?d??st] 地质学家

physicist [?f?z?s?st] 物理学家

typist [?ta?p?st] 打字员

pianist [?p??n?st] 钢琴家；钢琴演奏者

olinist [?va???l?n?st]小提琴演奏者

chemist [?kem?st] 药剂师；化学家

enronmentalist [?n?va?r?n?ment?l?st]环境保护论者

novelist [?n?v?l?st] 小说家

archaeologist [?ɑ?ki??l?d??st] 考古学家

receptionist [r??sep??n?st] 接待员volcanologist[v?l?ke?n??l?d??st]火山学家

后缀-ism（6个）

optimism [??pt?m?z?m] 乐观；乐观主义

tourism [?t??r?z?m] 旅游业

communism [?k?mjun?z?m]共产主义

impressionism [?m?pre??n?z?m] 印象主义；印象派

socialism [?s????l?z?m] 会主义

nationalism [?n??n?l?z?m]民族主义；国家主义

后缀-ee（7个）

employee [?m?pl??i?]雇员

committee [k??m?ti] 委员会

interewee [??nt?vju??i?]参加面试者；接受采访者

referee [?ref??ri?] 裁判员；仲裁者

trainee [?tre??ni?] 接受培训者;实习生

examinee [?ɡ?z?m??ni?]应试人;参加考试者

payee [?pe??i?] 受款人;收款人

后缀-ion（101个）

telesion [‘teli’??n] 电视，电视机

information [,inf?’mei??n] 信息

station [‘stei??n] 站；车站

pronunciation [pr?u’n?nsi’ei??n] 发音

attention [?’ten??n]注意力

pollution [p?:’lju:??n]污染

suggestion [s??d?est??n] 提议；建议

discussion[d??sk??n]讨论，商讨

invention[?n?ven?n] 发明，发明物

operation [??p??re??n] 手术

decision [d??s??n] 决定

instructions [?n?str?k??nz][复数]说明书

introduction [?ntr??d?k?n] 引进，采用

connection [k??nek?n]连接，计算机 络连接

direction[d??rek?n] 方向

action[??k?n]举止，行为，情节

intation [??nv??te??n] 邀请；请柬

reception [r??sep?n] 接待；招待会application [??pl??ke??n]应用；申请

protection[pr??tek?n] 保护

permission [p??m??n] 许可；允许

prediction [pr??d?k?n] 预言；预告

cooperation [k????p??re??n]合作；协作

reaction [ri??k?n] 反应；回应

location [l???ke??n] 位置；地方

observation[??bz??ve??n]观察；观测

inspiration [??nsp??re??n]灵感；鼓舞

determination [d??t??m??ne??n] 决心；果断

consideration [k?n?s?d??re??n] 考虑；体谅

explanation [?ekspl??ne??n] 解释；讲解

occupation [??kju?pe??n]职业；占领

production [pr??d?k?n] 生产；制造

association [??s??si?e??n] 团；联系

investigation [?n?vest??ɡe??n] 调查

admission [?d?m??n] 允许进入；入场费；承认

conclusion [k?n?klu??n] 结论；结束

collection [k??lek?n] 收藏品；珍藏administration [?d?m?n??stre??n] 管理；行政部门

description [d??skr?p?n] 描写；描述

motivation [?m??t??ve??n] 动机

nagation [?n?v??ɡe??n] 导航；航行

edition [??d??n] 版（本）；版次

combination [?k?mb??ne??n] 结合；组合

accusation [??kju?ze??n] 指责；控告

radiation [?re?di?e??n] 辐射；射线

infection [?n?fek?n] 传染；传染病possession [p??ze?n]（尤作复数）所有；财产

repetition [?rep??t??n] 重复；循环

translation [tr?nz?le??n] 翻译；译文

section [?sek?n] 部分；节；切下的块

relaxation [?ri?l?k?se??n] 放松，松弛

injection [?n?d?ek?n] 注射；注射剂

presentation [?prezn?te??n] 显示；演出

eruption [?’r?p?n]火山爆发；（战争等）爆发

abortion [??b???n] 流产；中途失败

comprehension [?k?mpr??hen?n] 理解

contribution [?k?ntr??bju??n] 贡献

appreciation [??pri??i?e??n]欣赏；感激；感谢

persuasion [p??swe??n] 信服；说服

satisfaction [?s?t?s?f?k?n] 满意；满足；令人满意的事物

imagination [??m?d???ne??n] 想象（力）；创造力；幻想

transfusion [tr?ns?fju??n] 输血

migration [ma??ɡre??n] 迁徙；移居

accommodation [??k?m??de??n] 住所；住宿

vaccination [?v?ks??ne???n] 接种疫苗

distribution [?d?str??bju??n] 分配；分发；

qualification [?kw?l?f??ke??n]资格；资历

preparation [?prep??re??n] 准备；预备

resion [r??v??n] 复查；修正；复习

assumption [??s?mp?n] 假定；设想

regulation [?reɡju?le??n] 规则；规章；法规

decoration [?dek??re??n] 装饰

adaptation [??d?p?te??n] 适应（性）；改编本

expectation [?ekspek?te??n] 预料；期待；期望

recognition [?rek?ɡ?n??n] 认出；认可；承认

identification [a??dent?f??ke??n] 鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明

extension [?k?sten?n] 电话分机；扩大；延伸

starvation [stɑ??ve??n] 挨饿；饿死

excavation [?eksk??ve??n] 挖掘；发掘

dision [d??v??n] 分割；划分；分配；分界线

punctuation [?p??kt?u?e??n] 标点符

impression[?m?pre?n]印象；感想；印记

exhibition [?eks??b??n]展览，展览会

addition [??d??n] 加；增加；加法

devotion [d??v???n] 投入；热爱

celebration [?sel??bre??n] 庆祝；祝贺

attraction [??tr?k?n] 有吸引力的事物；吸引

cilization [?s?v?la??ze??n]文明；文化；文明 会

ambition [?m?b??n] 雄心；野心

dictation [d?k?te??n] 口授；听写graduation [?ɡr?d?u?e??n] 毕业；毕业典礼

distinction [d??st??k?n] 差别；区分；卓著

education [?ed?u?ke??n]教育；学业

competition [?k?mp??t??n]比赛；竞争

extinction [?k?st??k?n]灭绝；消亡

abolition [??b??l??n]废除；废止

conservation [?k?ns??ve??n]保存；保护

correction [k??rek?n]改正；纠正；修正

caution [?k???n] 小心；谨慎

organization [???ɡ?na??ze??n] 组织；机构；团体

affection [??fek?n] 喜爱；爱；感情

ment（30）

government [‘g?v?nm?nt]政府

development [d??vel?pm?nt]发展，进步

agreement [??gri:m?nt]协议

excitement [?k?sa?tm?nt]兴奋；刺激

pavement [?pe?vm?nt]人行道

achievement [??t?i?vm?nt]成就；功绩

argument[?ɑ?ɡjum?nt]争论；争辩；争吵

entertainment [?ent??te?nm?nt]款待；娱乐；娱乐表演

enjoyment [?n?d???m?nt]享受；乐趣

statement [?ste?tm?nt]陈述；说明

amusement [??mju?zm?nt]消遣；娱乐

tournament [?t??n?m?nt] 锦标赛；联赛

movement [?mu?vm?nt] 移动；运动；动作

adjustment [??d??stm?nt] 调整；调节

settlement [?setlm?nt] 定居；解决

disagreement [?d?s??ɡri?m?nt] 分歧；不一致

judgment [‘d??d?m?nt]看法；判决；判断

measurement [?me??m?nt]衡量；测量；尺寸

commitment [k??m?tm?nt]承诺；交托；信奉

equipment [??kw?pm?nt] 设备；装备

encouragement [?n?k?r?d?m?nt] 鼓励；奖励

assessment [??sesm?nt] 评价；评定

arrangement [??re?nd?m?nt] 安排；排列

supplement [?s?pl?m?nt]增补的事物；补充；附录；增刊

requirement [r??kwa??m?nt] 需要；要求

punishment [?p?n??m?nt] 处罚；惩罚

amazement [??me?zm?nt] 惊讶；惊愕

assignment [??sa?nm?nt] 任务；分配

appointment [??p??ntm?nt] 约会；任命

basement [?be?sm?nt] 地下室

后缀-ness（11个）

illness[??ln?s]病；疾病

business [?b?zn?s]生意；业务

loneliness [?l??nlin?s]孤单；寂寞

happiness [?h?pin?s]幸福；快乐

sadness [?s?dn?s]悲哀，悲伤

weakness [?wi?kn?s]缺点；虚弱；弱点

sickness[?s?kn?s] 疾病；恶心

kindness [?ka?ndn?s]仁慈；好意

brightness [bra?tn?s] 明亮；亮度；聪颖

darkness [?dɑ?kn?s] 黑暗；漆黑

fitness [?f?tn?s] 健康

后缀-th（9个）

length [le?θ] 长度；长

warmth [w??mθ] 暖和；温暖

growth [ɡr??θ] 增长；生长

depth [depθ] 深（度）；深处

death[deθ] 死亡

truth [tru?θ] 事实，真相

birth [b??θ] 出生

youth [ju?θ] 青年；青年时期

strength [stre?θ] 强项；长处；力量

后缀-ty/-y/ry（44个）

difficulty [?d?f?k?lti]困难，困境

identity [a??dent?ti]本身；本体；身份

cruelty [?kru??lti]残忍；残酷

responsibility [r??sp?ns??b?l?ti]责任；职责

similarity [?s?m??l?r?ti]相似点

reality [ri??l?ti]真实；事实；现实

necessity [n??ses?ti] 必要性；需要

curiosity [?kj??ri??s?ti] 好奇心

nationality [?n????n?l?ti] 国籍

personality [?p??s??n?l?ti] 性格；个性；人格

minority [ma??n?r?ti] 少数；少数民族

possibility [?p?s??b?l?ti]可能（性）

variety [v??ra??ti] 变化；多样（化）；多变（性）

anxiety [???za??ti] 担心；焦虑；渴望

diversity [da??v??s?ti]多种多样；多样性

disability [?d?s??b?l?ti] 伤残；无力；无能

security [s??kj??r?ti]安全；保护；保障

majority [m??d??r?ti] 大多数；大半

authority [???θ?r?ti] 权威；权力 (pl)当局；官方

popularity [?p?pju?l?r?ti] 受人喜爱；流行

radioactity [?re?di???k’t?v?ti] 放射性

society [s?’sai?ti] 会

actity [?k’t?v?t?] 活动

ability [??b?l?ti] 能力

electricity [??lek?tr?s?ti] 电；电流；电学

certainty [?s??tnti] 确信；确实

obesity [???bi?s?ti] 过度肥胖

enquiry [?n?kwa??ri] 询问

discovery [d??sk?v?ri]发现；发觉

entry [?entri] 进入权，进入许可

directory [d??rekt?ri] 电话簿；商行名录

beauty [?bju?ti] 美；美人

photography [f??t?ɡr?fi] 摄影

efficiency [??f??nsi] 效率；功效

injury [??nd??ri] 损伤；伤害

slavery [?sle?v?ri] 奴隶制

bravery [?bre?v?ri] 勇敢；勇气

poetry [?p???tri] 诗（总称）；诗意

nursery [?n??s?ri] 托儿所

robbery [?r?b?ri]抢劫；盗窃

tendency [?tend?nsi]倾向；趋势

accuracy [??kj?r?si] 精确；准确

emergency [i?m??d??nsi] 突发事件；紧急情况

currency [?k?r?nsi] 货币；通货

后缀-ship/dom/hood（12个）

friendship [‘frend??p] 友谊；友好

relationship [r??le??n??p]关系；血缘关系

championship [?t??mpi?n??p]冠军称

scholarship[?sk?l???p]奖学金；学术成就

hardship [?hɑ?d??p] 苦难；困苦

freedom [?fri?d?m] 自由；自主

kingdom [?k??d?m] 王国

wisdom[?w?zd?m]智慧;才智;精明;明智

livelihood[?la?vlih?d] 生计；谋生

boyhood [?b??h?d] 少年时代

childhood [?t?a?ldh?d] 童年；幼年时代

neighbourhood [?ne?b?h?d] 附近；邻近

（二）复合名词（69个）

haircut [?he?k?t]发型；理发

makeup [?me?k?p] 化妆品

necklace [?nekl?s] 项链

passbook [?pɑ?sb?k] 南非共和国有色人种的身份证

guidebook [‘gaidb?k] 导游手册; 旅行指南

teahouse [‘ti:haus]（尤指亚洲的）茶馆

homeland [?h??ml?nd]祖国；本国

laptop [?l?pt?p]手提电脑

sunglasses [?s?nglɑ:s?z]太阳镜；墨镜

background [?b?kgra?nd] 背景；后景

passport [‘pɑ:sp?:t]护照

newspaper [‘nju?zpe?p?] 纸

platform [?pl?tf??m] 月台，站台

suitcase [?su?tke?s]手提箱；衣箱

overcoat [???v?k??t] 大衣；外套

schoolbag [‘sku:lb?g]书包

handbag [?h?ndb?g]（女用）小提包

bathroom [‘bɑ?θru?m] 浴室

bedroom [‘bedru?m] 卧室

textbook [?tekstb?k] 教科书；课本

housework [‘ha?sw??k]家务劳动

mailbox [?me?lb?ks]（美）邮筒；信箱

airmail [?e?me?l] 航空邮件

spaceship [?spe?s??p]航天器；宇宙飞船

website [?websa?t] 站

farmyard [?fɑ?mjɑ?d]农场；农家

outline [?a?tla?n]要点；大纲；轮廓

headline [?hedla?n] 刊的大字标题

income [??nk?m] 收入

outcome [?a?tk?m] 结果；效果

output[?a?tp?t] 产量；输出

underdog [??nd?d?ɡ] 失败者；处于劣势的一方

sunlight [?s?nla?t] 阳光

outbreak [?a?tbre?k] 爆发；发作（尤指疾病或战争）

firework [?fa??w??k] 烟火（燃放）

flashback [?fl??b?k] 闪回；倒叙

nosebleed [?n??zbli?d] 鼻出血；流鼻血

landscape [?l?ndske?p] 风景；景色

greenhouse [?ɡri?nha?s] 温室；花房

byproduct [?ba??pr?d?kt] 副产品

database [?de?t?be?s] 数据库；资料库

spaceman [?spe?sm?n] 宇航员；航天专家

rainbow [?re?nb??] 彩虹

eyesight [?a?sa?t] 视力

software [?s?ftwe?] 软件

mainstream[?me?nstri?m]主流；主要倾向

wheelchair [?wi?lt?e?]轮椅

framework [?fre?mw??k]框架；结构

earphone [???f??n] 耳机

armchair [?ɑ?mt?e?] 扶手椅；单座沙发

driftnet [?dr?ft net] 流

flashlight [?fl??la?t]闪光信 灯；手电筒；闪光灯

paperwork [?pe?p?w??k] 文书工作

deophone [?v?di??f??n] 可视电话

oilfield [???lfi?ld]油田

breakthrough [?bre?kθru?]突破

drawback [?dr??b?k]缺点；不利条件

greengrocer [?ɡri?nɡr??s?] 果蔬商（pl）蔬菜水果店

rainfall [?re?nf??l] 降雨

courtroom [?k??tru?m] 法庭；审判室

teapot [?ti?p?t] 茶壶

bathtub [?bɑ?θt?b] 浴缸；澡盆

skateboard [?ske?tb??d] 滑板

arrowhead [??r??hed] 箭头

helpline [?helpla?n]服务热线

notebook [‘n?utbuk] 笔记本

timetable [?ta?mte?bl] 时间表；时刻表

deadline [?dedla?n] 最后期限

shortcoming [????tk?m??] 缺点