云平台Centos 7.6 静默安装oracle 11r数据库

前言：

目前绝大多数的centos云主机都是没有图形界面的，数据库迁移上云的话这对于之前用图形界面安装的小伙伴们无疑是增加了许多工作量，现整理一份最为完整oracle静默安装方法，方便各位小伙伴在云主机上面安装oracle数据库。

准备条件：

云主机4核 8g内存 操作系统centos 7.6

Oracle 安装包 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip上传到/home目录下解压

一、安装依赖

yum -y install gcc make binutils gcc-c++ compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf-devel elfutils-libelf-devel-static elfutils-libelf-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel numactl-devel sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel pcre-devel

二、创建用户

sysctl -pgroupadd -g 200 oinstallgroupadd -g 201 dbauseradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba oracle###修改oracle密码为rjy@666echo oracle:rjy@666|chpasswd

三、配置系统文件

cat >>/etc/sysctl.conf<<ddnet.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65500fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 10523004kernel.shmmax = 6465333657kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100128net.core.rmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_max=1048576fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576dd

四、配置limits.conf文件

cat >>/etc/security/limits.conf<<eoforacle  soft  nproc  2047oracle  hard  nproc  16384oracle  soft  nofile  1024oracle  hard  nofile  65536eofcat >>/etc/pam.d/login<<eofsession    required    pam_limits.soeofcat >>/etc/profile<<eofif [[ $user = "oracle" ]]; then  if [[ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]]; then    ulimit -p 16384 ulimit -n 65536  else ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536  fifieof

五、新建文件目录

mkdir -p /home/oracle/app/mkdir -p /home/oracle/oradata/chmod 755 /home/oracle/chmod 775 /home/oracle/app/chown oracle.oinstall -R /home/oracle/

六、设置环境变量

cat >>~/.bash_profile<<eofexport ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/appexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORACLE_PID=orcleofcat >>/home/aa.txt<<eofexport ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/appexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORACLE_PID=orcleofsu - oracle <<eofcat /home/aa.txt>>~/.bash_profileeof

七、设置oracle安装配置文件

sed -i "s#oracle.install.option=#oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#ORACLE_HOSTNAME=#ORACLE_HOSTNAME=$hname#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#UNIX_GROUP_NAME=#UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#INVENTORY_LOCATION=#INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/app/oraInventory#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#SELECTED_LANGUAGES=#SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TW#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#ORACLE_HOME=#ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#ORACLE_BASE=#ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/app#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=#oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=#oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=#oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=#oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=#SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rspsed -i "s#DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=#DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true#g"  /home/database/response/db_install.rsp

八、安装oracle

oracle 用户下执行

cd /home/database/./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/database/response/db_install.rsp

切换root用户执行：

/home/oracle/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

安装监听

su - oraclecd /home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/netca /silent /responseFile  /home/database/response/netca.rsp

成功运行后

在
/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/中生成listener.ora和sqlnet.ora

安装数据库

dbca -silent -createDatabase -characterset ZHS16GBK -templateName $ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc -gdbName orcl -sid orcl -sysPassword sys -systemPassword system

oracle设置

root用户执行

sed -i 's#orcl:/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:N#orcl:/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y#g' /etc/oratabcat >>/etc/rc.d/rc.local<<eofsu - oracle -lc "/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start"su - oracle -c "/home/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart"Eof##授权rc.local文件chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local

oracle优化

cat >>/home/oracle.sq<<EOFsqlplus / as sysdba <<DDalter system set deferred_segment_creation=false;ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;shutdown immediate;startup mount;alter system enable restricted session;alter system set job_queue_processes=0;alter system set aq_tm_processes=0;alter database open;ALTER DATABASE CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE ZHS16GBK;ALTER DATABASE NATIONAL CHARACTER SET INTERNAL_USE AL16UTF16;alter system set processes=1000 scope=spfile;alter system set sessions=1105 scope=spfile;shutdown immediate;startup;DDEOF

授权执行

chmod -R 777 /home/oracle.sqsu - oracle -c "/home/oracle.sq"

防火墙放行端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1158/tcp --permanentfirewall-cmd --reloadfirewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

遇到问题：

Checking swap space: 0 MB available, 150 MB required. Failed

解决方法：

dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=512kmkswap /swapfileswapon /swapfile

/etc/fstab 文件，在其最后添加如下一行：

 /swapfile          swap            swap    defaults        0 0

结束语：

全程复制粘贴命令即可，小编安装完大概耗时15分钟左右，云主机的各项性能还是杠杠滴。