近期风靡互联 的Deep Dream人工智能图像识别软件

code: https://github.com/google/deepdream/blob/master/dream.ipynb

近期风靡互联 的Deep Dream人工智能图像识别软件

—- #1 第一部分 开篇 —-

##1.1 第一节 《连线杂志》 道

These Google “Deep Dream” images are weirdly mesmerising
这些 Google “Deep Dream” 式图像很是奇妙

http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2015-07/03/google-deep-dream

Technology / 03 July 15, by Daniel Culpan
科技版 | 2015-7-15，Daniel Culpan

Last month, Google revealed that it uses its own artificial intelligence program, known as Artificial Neural Networks, to classify and sort its images.
上个月，Google 展示了自有人工智能程序——这种被称作“人工神经 络”的东西，（可以）用来分类和整理其图像库。

The technology basically works by spotting patterns in pictures in order to identify them — and it’s already being used in Google’s new photos app to recognise faces and animals.
这种技术主要以指认其中图案的方式来识别图片，而且它已经被应用于 Google 最新的照片管理软件（似乎是 Google I/O 2015 推出的 Google Photos）中，以识认面部和动物。

However, a new website called Deep Neural Net Dreams, created by Zain Shah, allows you to take your own photos and run them through Google’s AI code. The resultsSome seriously psychedelic and eye-popping images, from trippy landscapes and abstract cats to swirly recreations of famous paintings.
不管怎样，（现在已经有了）一个由 Zain Shah 建立的叫做“深度神经 络梦想”的新 站，它允许你上传图片然后通过 Google 的人工智能代码来处理。结果（出图效果）怎样些图像很是迷幻又奇特，从奇幻的风景、抽象的猫咪到名画的旋涡状再创作，应有尽有。

You can upload your own photos and share them using #deepdream.
你可以上传自己的照片，然后加上 #deepdream 标签分享出去。

Kyle McDonald  12:22 PM – 3 Jul 2015
biking into brooklyn
在布鲁克林大桥上骑行
（吐槽：龙腾居然不能上传动态图片，无奈，我只能转成视频）

Google has opened up its image recognising robots to anybody — letting people create strange, horrifying images out of their own pictures.
Google 已经向世人开放了其图像识别机器人，它能让人们基于自己的图片创作出奇怪、恐怖的（新）图像。

Google released the half-horrifying, half-amazing pictures that it had created itself last week, with pictures including a knight made of dogs. Now the company has made the “Deep Dream” software available on code-sharing website Github, where anyone can download it and run their own pictures through it.
Google 发布了一些其上周就已创作出来的既恐怖又神奇的图片，其中包含一幅由狗狗组成的骑士像。该公司已经将这个名为“Deep Dream”的软件项目放到了代码分享 站 GitHub 上开源，现在任何人都可以下载它运行并藉此处理自己的图像。

The software works by turning the image recognising computers on themselves. By telling the systems to over-interpret images, they would pick out otherwise meaningless things and exaggerate them — turning clouds into bizarre llamas, for instance.
这款软件是以计算机自身来识别图像的。让系统过分解读图像，然后就可以筛选出其他无含义的东西并夸大，比如把云朵转化为羊驼（美洲驼）。

As with Google’s own images, the pictures tend to transform thing into animals — with dogs being a particular favourite — and eyes. They also tend to overlay everything with a swirly rainbow colouring.
与 Google 发布的图片一样，（软件的）出图效果趋向于把很多东西转换成动物，其中特别爱抢镜的是狗狗……还有眼睛，也往往以一种旋涡状的彩虹色把东西给覆盖住。

Users can download the software from Google’s blogpost. Once it’s all set up, users can feed in an image, choose which parts of the network should be amplified and how dramatically, and then see the trippy picture come out the other side.
用户可以从 Google 的博客站下载这款软件。当一切都准备就绪了，用户就能喂入一幅图像，选择 格线中的某部分进行增强（夸张）、程度要多深，接着就能在另一侧看到效果图。

“It’ll be interesting to see what imagery people are able to generate,” wrote the Google engineers in the post introducing the tool. “If you post images to Google+, Facebook, or Twitter, be sure to tag them with #deepdream so other researchers can check them out too.”
“看看人们能做出何种图像会很有意思”，Google 工程师在介绍此工具的博文中写道，“如果你要在 Google+、非死不可或推特上发布图片，记得加上 #deepdream 标签。如此，其他人就也能切克闹（来看）一下。”

###1.2.2 第二节评论（Comments）：

VED from Victoria Institutions
It is just a proof that human brain has a software background. In fact, even the human body and possibly reality itself is designed and maintained by a supernatural software. Read: Codes of reality! What is languagebr> 这正好表明人脑有一个（隐藏在）后台的软件。事实上，甚至连人类的躯体、很可能还有现实（世界）本身都是被一个超自然软件设计和维护的。那就读读这本书《现实的代码！是以何种语言写就的（晕，难道是来卖书的

AA  -1
These images depend on an algorithym processing that infirmation in a certain way preprogrammed into the code. There is nothing mechanical about it as the code was written by humans. This is probably why certain patterns appear.
这些图像依赖于以预先编译好的某一方式来处理信息的算法。根本就没有什么机械式的东西，因为代码都是由人写的。这可能就是某些图形（频繁）出现的原因。

    Hug
    Yes. It is a program or algorithm created by people, programmers… The pictures see people, machine and the computer program may not realize it
    对。它是由人——程序猿创造的一个程序或算法……这些图片能看人，机器和计算机程序多半还无法理解。

        Hug
        the images can seen by people, not artificial intelligence…
        这些图像能被人理解（译注：此人在纠正上一句的语法错误），而人工智能办不到……

—- #2 第二部分 争论 —-

##2.1 Hopes&Fears 站评论文章

Is Google’s Deep Dream artbr> Google 的 Deep Dream 是艺术吗/strong>

http://www.hopesandfears.com/hopes/culture/is-this-art/215039-deep-dream-google-art

Marina Galperina, July 14

A little while ago, Google set an Artificial Neural Network wild to “dream” on the internet, digging through visual data, “enhancing” parts of images and building on features it “recognizes” within by using its own datasets. The result was a hazy, swirling glaze of colorful noise and objects mercilessly shapeshifted over and over. Trippy! It “saw” a lot of dogs. (There are a lot of dogs on the internet.)
就在不久前，Google 把一个人工神经 络项目放到了互联 上“做梦”，它可以挖掘可视的数据，“增强”图像中某些部分，而且其特性是依靠自己的数据集来“识别”里面（的内容）。（出图）效果是朦胧的、旋涡状有噪点的彩釉色，（里面的）物体无情地反复变化。实在太迷幻了！它“看出”了很多狗（ 上有许多狗-_-||）。

But is this artbr> 不过，这是艺术吗/strong>

（为省去读者自己到外 寻找的麻烦，下面附上三幅图）

“Inceptionism” algorithm as art, much like those #deepdream porn-bug-dicks (NSFW), is a twisted, confusing concept. For our inaugural Is this artinquiry, we asked art critics, artists and artistic technology experts to share their thoughts.
“Inceptionism”算法作为艺术，很像那些（用）Deep Dream（创作的）色情的牛B的把儿（不适合上班时间浏览，即少儿不宜），是一种扭曲、令人困惑的概念。言归正传，这算不算艺术为了）一探究竟，我们邀请了艺术评议者、艺术家和艺术界技术专家来说出他们的看法。

Nope. It’s a tool, not the product, so calling it art would be a little like an artist raising their hand and declaring their paintbrush art because they were so happy with the way they used it lay paint on a canvas. Even the software engineers make this distinction on the Google blog:
不是。它只是一个工具，而非产品，因此称其为艺术有点像艺术家抬起手然后宣称他们的笔刷是艺术就因为他们非常满意在画布上涂抹的使用方式。即使是此软件的开发者也在 Google 博客（ 志）上指出了这一区别：

Two weeks ago we blogged about a visualization tool designed to help us understand how neural networks work and what each layer has learned. In addition to gaining some insight on how these networks carry out classification tasks, we found that this process also generated some beautiful art.
两周前我们发表了一篇博文，其中阐述了一个可视化（视觉）工具被设计用来帮助我们理解神经 络的工作原理以及每层学到了什么东西。除为了获悉这些（神经） 络是如何进行分类任务（作业）的，我们还发现这个过程也可以生成一些漂亮的艺术作品。

It’s worth noting, though, that in the US corporations are considered people, so Google could deem their software art. If we take as a given that one person’s the intent to make art, thus creates a work of art (regardless of its merit) it’s certainly a possible future for Google. It sounds a bit like a sci-novel though, so I’m guessing we won’t see the corporation do that any time soon.
但值得注意的是，似乎，在（众多的）美国公司中德高望重，因此谷歌本可以将他们的软件定义为艺术。如果我们考虑到一个人搞艺术的意图，那么对 Google 来说，创造一个艺术作品（不管其价值如何）肯定是其一个可能的未来。尽管这听起来有点像科幻小说，那么我猜我们将看不到该公司即刻去做（这事儿）。

I would say there is a good case to say that it is, dependent (as is usually the case with art) on how you ‘frame’ the idea or interpret the semiotics of process and results.
我想说有一个很好的例子可以用来谈谈此事，这取决于（照着通常与艺术相关的例子）你如何“构建”那个想法或解释其过程和结果的符 学。

It is easy to dismiss this as a modern form of psychedelia, but what this has made accessible to the public the idea of an artificial psychology of an artificial intelligence, and how it can connect to us: humans and computers are pattern-recognition entities processing immediate information. Ideas such as pareidolia, habituation and the ‘Tetris Effect’ come to mind, how our repetitive mental actions leave their impressions on us. If art has the purpose to illustrate the human condition, #deepdream has become a high profile entry point in this field.
人们很容易认为这是一种现代形式的迷幻剂而拒绝（即先入为主），但是这对大众开放了一个人工智能（软件）的人工心理学，并展示了它是怎样与我们连接（关联）的：人类和计算机（同）是处理即时信息的模式（图形）识别的实体。像幻想性视错觉、习惯化和“俄罗斯方块效应”这样的想法到了脑海里，（而）我们的重复性心理活动又是怎样给我们留下了他们的印象。如果艺术有为了说明人类的处境的目的，（那么）Deep Dream 已成为这个领域的翘楚（直译为：一个引人注目的入口点）。

Releasing the source code has brought some fun experimentation for creative coders (not seen since the release of the Microsoft Kinect, which itself has been a modern staple for tech art). It could be considered a PR move from Google itself, based on the success of the original Inceptionism post, and we can quickly get tired of the formulations based on the dataset (the constant stream of images featuring ‘puppyslugs’ will eventually bore everyone), but the subject of Neural Network Art is developing and what is interesting is where it can go next. Examples include ‘LSTM’ by Sebastian Schmieg which is an app which generates new texts from the works ofRay Kurzweil. Creative coderSamim has produced several generative projects using neural networks to create machine-generatedObama political speeches and TED Talks, or how computer vision interprets pornography. Matthew Plummer Fernandez has created a bot which utilizes deep learning to interpret pieces of artworks, and posts its impressions onto a Tumblr blog.
开放源代码给富有创意的程序员带来了一些有趣的实验（自微软发布 Kinect 以来还未曾见到过，它本身已经成为一种科技艺术的现代主体）。它可以被视为谷歌本身的一个公关行为，是以最初 Inceptionism 博文的成功（即引起 会的极大关注）为起点的。我们很快就会厌倦基于数据集（恒定的“群狗荟萃”特色图像流最终将使大家感到厌烦）的公式化设置，但是神经 络艺术的话题还在发酵中，以及有趣的是它接下来将何去何从。包括Sebastian Schmieg（德国柏林艺术家）做的“长短时记忆”（Long Short Term Memory）实验在内的例子，（都只）是一个从Ray Kurzweil（似乎是一个推销垃圾科学进行谋利的欺世盗名之徒）的作品中生成新文本的应用。才华横溢的程序员Samim 运用神经 络已经做出了几个有生产力的项目，来创作机器生成版的奥巴马政治演说和TED 演讲，或者计算机视觉应如何解译色情内容。Matthew Plummer Fernandez（也）创造了一个利用深度学习来解读艺术作品的机器人，并把效果发表在 Tumblr 轻博客上。

#DeepDream Experiments, Anthony Antonellis
Deep Dream 实验，Anthony Antonellis

Anthony Antonellis
Artist（艺术家）

Google Deep Dream is a medium. On its own it’s not art, but the images it’s being used to create can be art. Fugly art.
Google 的 Deep Dream 项目（只）是个媒介。其本身并不是艺术，不过它出的图可以很艺术——那种丑爆了（fucking ugly）的艺术。

Google Deep Dream is our punishment for not liking Google Glass.
Deep Dream 是 Google 对我们不喜欢 Google Glass （而做出）的惩罚。

Short answer: Of course it’s art! There’s no limit to what you can classify as “art.” The question is only ever whether it’s good art. And people seem to be very amused by it.
简短回答：当然是艺术啦！界定何为“艺术”并没有限制。问题只在于它是不是个好艺术。而且看起来人们都乐坏了。

Longer answer: It’s not art.The way it is getting used is essentially like a psychedelic Instagram filter, and the results are actually a bit repetitious, don’t you thinkThere were already very, very striking images produced by algorithmic means, so I’m not sure what the hoopla is.
啰嗦点的回答（吐槽：还真够哆嗦的，简直就是BS）：这不是艺术。它在运用的方法本质上类似一个迷幻的 Instagram（应用）滤镜，而且结果实际上有点重复，你不觉得吗以前）就已经有了以算法手段做出的非常非常惹人注目的图像，所以我不确定这又是什么鬼。

Even so, I don’t doubt that you can invent AI that can figure out how to make something that has a lot if not all the characteristics of what we call “art,” even the really brainy stuff. There will be a Turing test where you won’t be able to tell what is made by a human and what is made by a computer intelligence, no doubt about it.
即使如此，我也不怀疑你能发明出（这样的）AI，它可以弄清如何制作具有许多即便不是全部我们都能称之为“艺术”特征的东西，甚至（包括）真正聪明的东西。还会进行一次图灵测试（译注：科学界对此有争议），（届时）你将不能说出（分清）什么是由人类制造的、什么是由计算机智能制造的，毋庸置疑。

But really what “art” as a category means to us is an invention of the Romantic period in Europe. And what it tends to mean very specifically is “proof of human creative genius,” which took on extra cult-like status in response to industrialization, as people tried to find ways to feel like they were holding onto their humanity in a fast-technologizing world. So, as humans have invented new tools of image-making and form-making—photography being the classic example—what tends to happen is that what we call “art” mutates to find a new way to convey “human creative genius.”
但实际上于我们来说作为一个分类手段的“艺术”是欧洲浪漫主义时期的一项发明。它往往非常明确所指的是“人类创造性天赋的证据”，这另外呈现的狂热状态是对工业化的回应，就像人们设法在迅猛科技化的世界保持本性。因此，人类已经发明的图像制作和构图摄影的新工具成为经典的范例时（译注：意为“过时”）——往往要发生的是（那些）我们称之为“艺术”的东西会突变为找寻（下）一种新的方式来表达“人类创造性天赋”。

So, it’s like, “OK, the photographers do portraits; painting is about exploring color and form and expression now,” which is what happened about when photography became mainstream at the end of the 1800s. And then, what also happens is that, some other artists figure out how to use the tool to convey the new standard of what “art” is, and you get something like “art photography.” And that tends to be how it goes.
因此，它就像，“好了，摄影师是给人照相的，（而）现在的绘画是有关探究色彩、形式和表现的”，这在这十九世纪末摄影成为主流的时候就发生了。之后，又发生的是，另一些艺术家掌握了怎样使用此工具来表达何为“艺术”的新标准，接着你就知道了某种（名为）“艺术摄影”的东西。而且往往就是怎样。

Maybe the smarter and more creative our computers get, the harder it gets for artists to find new strategies to symbolize “human creativity.” Maybe the idea of celebrating exceptional “human creativity”, in fact, is dated. But I’m pretty sure that’s what the cult of “art” and the cult of the “artist” means, even today, so in that sense, Deep Dream just represents a modest new displacement, or challenge that artists holding onto that tradition have to tangle with, that’s all.
也许我们的计算机越聪明越具创造性，对于艺术家来说就越难想出新的策略来表征“人类的创造力”。也许赞美特别的”人类创造力”的想法，事实上，就是过时的。但我敢肯定这就是（对）“艺术”的狂热崇拜和（对）“艺术家”手法的迷信，即使在今天，从这个角度说，Deep Dream 仅仅是一个温和的新改变，或者对坚持传统的艺术家来说不得不直面的挑战，仅此而已（也可以翻译为“终于说完了”，我翻译得快爆炸了）。

译者附文章中链接的一段视频如下：

—- #3 第三部分 探究 —-

##3.1 第一节

Google Research Blog
《Google研究 志》其一

Inceptionism: Going Deeper into Neural Networks
Inceptionism：更加深入地探究神经 络

http://googleresearch.blogspot.com/2015/06/inceptionism-going-deeper-into-neural.html

Posted: Wednesday, June 17, 2015
发文日期：周三，2015-6-17

Update – 13/07/2015
更新日期：2015-7-13

Images in this blog post are licensed by Google Inc. under aCreative Commons Attribution 4.